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Early intervention

  • SEND
  • Child development and growing up
  • Moving and being active
Mother and baby on floor with soft fabric ball. Baby is laying on their stomach on a rug, in a living room.

Babies learn from every experience they have in a 24 hour period. Every moment is important for babies to adapt and learn. You can help your baby by varying the positions they are in. This will give them lots of different experiences to learn from.

Stages of alertness

stages of alertness graphic

The stages of alertness is a helpful way to understand the best times to play with your baby. Babies need to be in stage 4: Alert for effective play and learning. 

  1. Deep sleep
    • Regular breathing
    • Eyes closed with no eye movements
    • No spontaneous movements except startles
  2. Light sleep
    • Breathing may be irregular
    • Eyes closed with rapid eye movement under their closed eyelids
    • Low activity level with some suckling movements
  3. Drowsy
    • Eyes may be open but with a tired or dazed look, may have closed or fluttering eyelids
    • May be waking up or falling into a deeper sleep
    • Variable activity level, delayed responses and minimal movement
  4. Alert
    • Bright-eyed look
    • Able to focus their attention on sounds and objects they can see
    • Minimal movement
  5. Active alert or unsettled
    • Eyes open
    • Moving around a lot
    • Making brief fussing sounds
  6. Crying
    • Intense crying that is difficult to break through
    • Lots of movement

Read more about stages of alertness by Institute of Health Visiting

Getting your baby ready to play and learn

Babies needs to be around stage 4 (alert) for play and learning to be effective for them.

If your baby struggles to get into stage 4 (alert) by themselves, try some of the following methods. 

  • Looking at your baby
  • Looking at your baby and talking to them
  • Looking at your baby, talking and putting your hand on their tummy
  • Looking at your baby, talking and holding their arms across their chest
  • Looking at your baby, talking, picking them up and holding them calmly
  • Looking at your baby, talking, holding and rocking calmly
  • Looking at your baby, talking, swaddling them with their hands to their mouth and rocking calmly
  • Looking at your baby, talking, swaddling, rocking calmly, giving a finger or dummy to suck on

Different positions

Your baby will experience lots of different positions during the day. From having their nappy changed to getting dressed to being held by you. There are many positions that you can use during the day. Moving your baby into different positions, movements and patterns helps support their development. It also builds up a wide range of experiences.

Useful toy list

Please note, your baby does not need a large amount of toys for their development. Remember your baby will need to be supervised at all times when playing with toys. 

  • Playmats - Learn about creating a soft safe space
  • Rattles
  • Sensory books 
  • Beads
  • Fibre-optic toys
  • Christmas tree or fairy lights
  • Musical toys
  • Survival blanket
  • Hand puppets and finger puppets

e-Tips: Parent-delivered therapy for infants between 0 to 6 months old with stroke

A parent-delivered intervention called early Therapy in Perinatal Stroke (eTIPS) was developed at Newcastle University to mitigate against potentially adverse activity-dependent changes to the central nervous system following perinatal stroke in infants aged 0 to 6 months. The presentation will explain this therapy and how to use it with infants and their families where a perinatal stroke has occurred. This video provides useful information for any child within the first few years of life.


Last reviewed: 1 November, 2024

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